本页为翻译，仅供参考；以英文版本为准。所述法律为英格兰法律。
Questions
Questions landlords and tenants ask, answered
177 answers about renting in England, by topic. Each links to the page with the full answer, the date it was checked and its sources.
The Renters’ Rights Act
2026年5月1日的变更是否适用于在此日期之前开始的租约？
是的。英格兰的现有短期保证租约在2026年5月1日变成了定期保证租约，从该日期起，第21条 (section 21)不能用于任何租约。
2026年5月1日押金上限有变化吗？
没有。根据2019年《租客费用法》(Tenant Fees Act 2019)，押金上限仍为五周租金（年租金为50,000英镑或以上者为六周租金）。变化的是预付租金不得超过一个月。
在英格兰，我还可以发出第21条通知 (section 21 notice) 吗？
不可以。自2026年5月1日起，英格兰所有租约的第21条 (section 21) 已被废除，包括在此日期之前开始的租约。只有根据经修订的1988年《住房法》附表2中的某一理由，才能收回房产 (possession)。
我的现有固定期限租约是否于 2026 年 5 月 1 日到期？
没有，它继续有效，但转为定期保证租约 (assured periodic tenancy)。租金、当事方和房产保持不变；固定期限和任何解约条款均自动失效。
我错过了2026年5月31日的截止日期。我该怎么办？
立即提供该表，记录真实日期并保留凭证。切勿回溯记录日期。如果市政委员会或租客提出此事，请向房东协会或律师寻求建议。
Tenancies and agreements
My flatmate left without paying. Do I have to cover their rent?
On a joint tenancy the landlord can ask any joint tenant for the whole rent. You may be able to recover their share from them, but the debt to the landlord is shared.
Is the written statement the same as a tenancy agreement?
Not necessarily. It is a list of terms the law requires. An agreement can serve as the written statement if it includes everything the regulations list.
My agreement still says assured shorthold tenancy. Is it still valid?
The tenancy continues, but since 1 May 2026 it takes effect as an assured periodic tenancy. Terms that conflict with the new law, such as a fixed term, no longer work.
Can I still sign a 12-month tenancy in England?
Not as a fixed term. Any private assured tenancy made since 1 May 2026 is periodic from the start, and a clause fixing a term has no effect.
我还可以使用12个月的租约协议吗？
您可以使用书面协议，但它不能确定租期。自2026年5月1日起，在英格兰创建的任何租约从一开始就是定期租约，固定期限条款无效。
什么是书面条款声明？
根据经修订的1988年《住房法》第16D条要求，在租约开始前提供的一份文件，其中列出了主要条款以及房东可能依赖的收回房产 (possession) 理由。它与租约协议不同，尽管两者可以合并。
住在我自己家里的寄宿者是否获得定期保证租约？
不。与您共享住房的寄宿者是除外居住者 (excluded occupier)，不在《住房法》的管辖范围之内。适用更简单、不同的规则。
如果永久产权 (freehold) 所有人禁止在租赁合同中养宠物怎么办？
如果主租赁合同禁止养宠物，且永久产权所有人不同意，这是拒绝出租的合理理由。请保留相关通信记录。
这是否具有法律约束力的合同？
这是一个模板，而非最终合同。一旦填写并经房东和每位租客签署，它旨在作为租赁协议使用，但这是否符合您的租赁情况取决于您的具体事实。请在使用前，请律师或房东协会审核。
我可以添加自己的条款吗？
可以，只要它们公平且法律允许。不要添加固定期限、租金审查条款、2019年《租客费用法》(Tenant Fees Act 2019) 不允许的费用、禁止饲养宠物或将房东的维修责任转嫁给租客的任何条款。请使用协议检查工具检查最终文件，并请律师或房东协会审核。
对于在2026年5月1日之前入住的租客，我需要一份新协议吗？
不需要。法律不要求更改或重新签发现有的书面协议。对于这些租约，房东必须在2026年5月31日之前提供2026年《租客权利法》(Renters' Rights Act) 信息表。
为什么没有固定期限？
自2026年5月1日起，英格兰的每份新私人租约均为定期保证租约 (assured periodic tenancy)。它从一个租金周期持续到下一个租金周期，直至租客发出通知或法院下达收回房产 (possession) 令。协议中写入的固定期限无效。
书面声明与租约协议 (tenancy agreement) 相同吗？
不。书面声明列出了法规规定的条款，并且必须在签订租约之前提供。两者可以合并在一份文件中，但像这样的清单两者都不是。
是否有我可以使用官方示范租约协议 (tenancy agreement)？
政府尚未发布示范协议。GOV.UK 解释了房东 (landlord) 必须提供哪些书面信息。我们的租约协议 (tenancy agreement) 模板是一个起点；请务必请律师或房东 (landlord) 协会核查您自己的协议。
拒绝饲养宠物的合理理由是什么？
例如，主租赁合同 (head lease) 禁止饲养宠物，且永久产权 (freehold) 所有人不同意；或者动物不适合房屋大小。普遍不喜欢动物并非合理理由。
Rent and rent increases
Can the rent go up more than once a year?
No. One section 13 increase in any twelve months is the limit for private assured tenancies in England.
裁判庭能将我的租金设定得比房东要求的更高吗？
不能。自2026年5月1日起，它只能确认房东提议的租金或设定更低的租金，绝不能设定更高的租金。
估价办公室是否已接管租金挑战？
还没有。政府于2026年9月9日宣布了该计划，但它需要新的立法，并且还没有确定日期。租客仍然需要向一级裁判庭提出申请。
如果我的租客拒绝涨租怎么办？
他们可以在涨租日期之前向一级裁判庭 (First-tier Tribunal) 申请。裁判庭会决定市场租金，这可能低于您的要求，但不会更高。在此之前，旧租金仍然有效。
How many months of rent arrears before eviction in England?
Ground 8 is mandatory when at least three months' rent (13 weeks if paid weekly or fortnightly) is owed both when you serve notice and at the hearing, with four weeks' notice. Smaller arrears fall under the discretionary grounds 10 and 11.
Can I change the locks if my tenant does not pay rent?
No. That is unlawful eviction, a criminal offence under the Protection from Eviction Act 1977. Only a court order, enforced by court bailiffs if needed, ends the tenancy.
Should I agree a payment plan with my tenant?
Often yes. A written plan that clears the arrears over a few months alongside normal rent is usually quicker and cheaper than court. Record the amounts and dates, and keep a running rent statement.
What notice do I give for rent arrears now section 21 has gone?
A section 8 notice on the prescribed form stating the grounds, usually 8, 10 or 11, each with four weeks' notice. Get a solicitor or landlord association to check it before you serve it.
我可以直接写自己的加租信，而不是使用 Form 4A 吗？
不可以。在英格兰，对定期保证租约 (assured periodic tenancy) 的加租必须使用法定第13条表格。说明函可以随附于表格，但不能替代它。
How often can a landlord increase the rent in England?
Once every twelve months, and only with a section 13 notice on Form 4A that gives at least two months of notice.
How much notice is needed for a rent increase?
At least two months, and the new rent must start on a rent day.
Can the rent go up in the first year of a tenancy?
A new rent cannot start within twelve months of the day the tenancy began. The notice can be given earlier, as long as the new rent starts after that.
Does a rent review clause in the agreement still work?
No. Since 1 May 2026 the only way to raise the rent of a private tenancy in England is the section 13 notice, or an agreement with the tenant after a tribunal decision.
Can a tenant challenge the new rent?
Yes. Before the new rent starts the tenant can apply, free, to the First-tier Tribunal, which decides the market rent. It can never set more than the landlord asked for.
Deposits
How do I check whether my deposit is protected?
Each of the three schemes has a free online look-up using the tenant's details, the postcode or the deposit amount. If it is not in any of them, ask the landlord in writing.
在英格兰我可以收取多少押金？
年租金低于50,000英镑时，最多可收取五周租金（高于此金额时为六周）。根据《2019年租客费用法》(Tenant Fees Act 2019)，超出此金额的任何费用均为被禁止的付款。
如果我延迟保护押金怎么办？
租客可以索赔一到三倍的押金，并且在押金退还或受到保护之前，一些收回房产 (possession) 途径会被阻碍。一旦发现，请立即保护。
我可以因磨损而扣留押金吗？
不可以。正常的磨损不是扣款理由。在有证据的情况下，您可以因超出正常磨损的损坏、未支付的租金、按入住标准清洁费用和遗失物品而扣款。
How long do I have to protect a tenancy deposit?
30 days from the day you receive it. In the same 30 days you must give the tenant, and anyone who paid for them, the prescribed information.
More in: How to protect a tenancy deposit, and what happens if you are late
What happens if I protect the deposit late?
The tenant can claim in the county court, which must order you to pay one to three times the deposit. Until the deposit is returned or the claim is settled, you cannot get possession on most grounds.
More in: How to protect a tenancy deposit, and what happens if you are late
Which deposit protection schemes are there in England?
Three: the Deposit Protection Service, mydeposits and the Tenancy Deposit Scheme. Each has a custodial option, where the scheme holds the money, and an insured option.
More in: How to protect a tenancy deposit, and what happens if you are late
How quickly must I return a deposit?
Within 10 days of you and the tenant agreeing how much they get back. If you cannot agree, the scheme's free dispute service decides.
More in: How to protect a tenancy deposit, and what happens if you are late
我如何查找哪个计划持有我的押金？
它在您开始时收到的法定信息 (prescribed information) 中。如果您没有，三个经批准的计划中的每一个都有免费搜索功能，可以使用您的姓氏、邮政编码、开始日期和押金金额进行搜索。
How much deposit can a landlord take in England?
No more than five weeks of rent, or six weeks when the rent for a year is £50,000 or more. One week of rent is the yearly rent divided by 52.
Is five weeks of rent the same as a month and a bit?
Not exactly. Work out the yearly rent, divide it by 52 for one week, then multiply by five. For £1,200 a month that is £1,384.61.
Can a landlord take a bigger deposit for a pet?
No. The cap is the same with or without a pet, and a landlord cannot require pet insurance or a pet fee.
What is the most a holding deposit can be?
One week of rent. It is usually put towards the first rent or the deposit when the tenancy goes ahead.
What happens if the deposit is above the cap?
The amount above the cap is a prohibited payment. It must be returned, and trading standards can fine a landlord or agent who keeps it.
Safety certificates and the home
我出租一套房产需要EICR吗？
是的。自2021年4月1日起，英格兰的每份私人租约都需要一份电力安装状况报告 (EICR)，并且至少每五年更新一次。
Can I let a property with an EPC rating of F?
Not on a new or existing private tenancy in England, unless you have registered a valid exemption on the PRS Exemptions Register. Otherwise improve it to E first, spending up to £3,500 including VAT under the current rules.
More in: What is the minimum EPC rating to let a home in England?
Do rental properties need EPC C by 2030?
That is the government's plan: a single date of 1 October 2030 for all private tenancies, with a £10,000 cost cap. It still needs new legislation, so today the legal minimum remains E. Check GOV.UK for updates.
More in: What is the minimum EPC rating to let a home in England?
How long does an EPC exemption last?
Most exemptions last five years. The new landlord exemption lasts six months. Each must be registered with evidence on the PRS Exemptions Register, and it does not pass to a buyer.
More in: What is the minimum EPC rating to let a home in England?
What is the fine for letting a property below EPC E?
The council can fine up to £2,000 for a breach of under three months and up to £4,000 for three months or more, with up to £5,000 in total per home for each breach, and it can publish the breach.
More in: What is the minimum EPC rating to let a home in England?
How often do landlords need an EICR in England?
At least every five years, and before a new tenancy starts if there is no valid report, or sooner if the last report recommends a shorter interval.
How long do I have to fix EICR faults?
28 days from the inspection, or less if the report says so, for any C1, C2 or FI item. Then give written confirmation of the work to the tenant and the council within 28 days of finishing it.
What is the fine for not having an EICR?
The council can impose a financial penalty of up to £40,000, and can arrange the work itself and recover the cost from you.
Does a C3 on an EICR need fixing?
No. C3 means improvement recommended. Only C1, C2 and FI make the report unsatisfactory and must be dealt with within 28 days.
How often does a landlord need a gas safety certificate?
Every 12 months. Each gas appliance and flue you provide must be checked by a Gas Safe registered engineer within 12 months of installation and then at least every 12 months.
More in: Gas safety certificates for landlords: the yearly check
When must I give my tenant the gas safety record?
Within 28 days of the check for existing tenants, and before they move in for new tenants. For lets of 28 days or less you can display it prominently instead.
More in: Gas safety certificates for landlords: the yearly check
Can I do the gas safety check early?
Yes. A check done in the two months before the deadline is treated as done on the deadline, so you keep the same date each year.
More in: Gas safety certificates for landlords: the yearly check
What if my tenant refuses access for the gas safety check?
Take all reasonable steps: write with dates, offer alternatives and keep copies of every attempt. Do not force entry. Your records of those steps are your defence.
More in: Gas safety certificates for landlords: the yearly check
How long should I keep gas safety records?
Until two further checks have been made on the appliance, so at least two years. Keeping them longer is sensible evidence.
More in: Gas safety certificates for landlords: the yearly check
How often is an EICR needed for a rented home?
At least every 5 years, or sooner if the report gives a shorter period. Work the report requires must be done within 28 days.
How long does an EPC last?
10 years. A new one is needed only when the old one has run out and the home is being let again or sold.
Do smoke alarms need a certificate?
No. There must be a smoke alarm on each storey, and a carbon monoxide alarm in rooms with a fixed fuel-burning appliance, and they are checked on the day each tenancy starts.
Ending a tenancy and possession
What is the difference between a mandatory and a discretionary ground?
If a mandatory ground is proved, the court must order possession. On a discretionary ground the judge also decides whether it is reasonable to order it.
Can a landlord in England still serve a section 21 notice?
No. Since 1 May 2026 section 21 no longer exists in England, whatever date the tenancy started.
Do I have to give a reason for leaving?
No. A tenant does not need a reason, only the right amount of notice in writing.
我可以因拖欠租金而驱逐租客吗？
如果租客在您发出通知时和听证会时均拖欠至少三个月的租金，则理由8是强制性的，需提前四周通知。较少的欠款属于酌情处理的理由10和11。
什么是 Form 3A 表格？
这是私人租赁部门中，针对定期保证租约 (assured periodic tenancy) 的房产收回房产的官方通知，也称为第8条通知。它发布在GOV.UK上，其措辞不得更改。
LevelMoves 可以帮我起草通知吗？
不能。收回房产是房东的决定，应由律师或房东协会处理。LevelMoves 提供信息并为您准备好记录。
寻找租客
From when do the new right to rent codes apply?
自2026年10月1日起。它们于2026年6月30日发布。
Can a landlord ask for 6 months rent in advance in 2026?
No, not for tenancies agreed from 1 May 2026 in England. Nothing before signing, and at most one month's rent between signing and the start. A tenant may choose to pay early during the tenancy, but it cannot be required.
More in: Rent in advance and rent bidding: what the Renters’ Rights Act allows
Can I accept a higher offer than the advertised rent?
No. You must not invite, encourage or accept any offer above the advertised rent, even one the tenant makes without being asked. You may accept a lower rent.
More in: Rent in advance and rent bidding: what the Renters’ Rights Act allows
How much can a holding deposit be?
At most one week's rent, worked out as the annual rent divided by 52. It must normally be repaid within seven days, or put towards the first rent or deposit with the tenant's agreement.
More in: Rent in advance and rent bidding: what the Renters’ Rights Act allows
What can I do instead of taking rent in advance?
Ask for a guarantor, take references, or both. The deposit can be up to five weeks' rent where the annual rent is under £50,000, and must be protected within 30 days.
More in: Rent in advance and rent bidding: what the Renters’ Rights Act allows
What do I need to do before renting out my house for the first time?
Get consent from your lender, freeholder and insurer; check licensing; get gas, electrical and EPC certificates; fit smoke and carbon monoxide alarms; check right to rent; give the written statement; protect the deposit within 30 days; and register for tax.
Do I need a tenancy agreement in 2026?
You must give the tenant written information about the key terms before the tenancy is agreed. It is usually set out in a written agreement. Every new private tenancy in England is now an assured periodic tenancy.
Do I need to give tenants the How to Rent guide?
Not for new tenancies: it was withdrawn on 1 May 2026. Give the written statement of terms, the gas safety record, the EICR, the EPC and the deposit's prescribed information instead.
When must I register on the landlord database?
When the Private Rented Sector Database opens for your region. It opens region by region from 15 December 2026, and each region has about three months to register. The fee is £65 a home a year.
Licensing and registration
我的地区房东数据库何时开放？
西米德兰2026年12月15日，英格兰东部2027年1月15日，东米德兰2月15日，东南部3月15日，约克郡和亨伯4月15日，西北部5月15日，东北部6月15日，伦敦7月15日，西南部2027年8月15日。
Do I have to register on the landlord database now?
尚未开始。登记注册将从2026年12月15日起，逐个地区开放。一旦您所在的地区开放，您必须在刊登广告或出租前完成注册。
Do I need an HMO licence for 4 tenants?
Not a mandatory licence, which starts at five people from two or more households. But your council may run an additional licensing scheme for smaller HMOs, so check its website by postcode before you let.
More in: Do I need a licence to let my property? HMO, additional and selective licensing
What is selective licensing?
A council scheme that requires a licence for every privately rented home in a chosen area, whatever its size or who lives there. A scheme can last up to five years. Your council's website says whether your street is in one.
More in: Do I need a licence to let my property? HMO, additional and selective licensing
What is the fine for an unlicensed HMO?
Prosecution with an unlimited fine, or a civil penalty of up to £40,000 for offences from 1 May 2026. Tenants or the council can also seek a rent repayment order of up to 24 months' rent.
More in: Do I need a licence to let my property? HMO, additional and selective licensing
How long does an HMO licence last?
Up to five years. Each property needs its own licence, and you must renew before it expires. The council can set a shorter period.
More in: Do I need a licence to let my property? HMO, additional and selective licensing
我何时必须在房东数据库上注册？
它将按地区开放：西米德兰2026年12月15日，英格兰东部2027年1月15日，东米德兰2月15日，东南部3月15日，约克郡和亨伯4月15日，西北部5月15日，东北部6月15日，伦敦7月15日，西南部2027年8月15日。所有出租房屋必须在2027年11月14日前注册。
Money, tax and insurance
Do landlords need to use Making Tax Digital?
Yes, if your gross income from property and self-employment is over the threshold: £50,000 from 6 April 2026, £30,000 from 6 April 2027 and £20,000 from 6 April 2028, each based on an earlier year's return.
More in: Making Tax Digital for landlords: who, when and how
Is the £50,000 MTD threshold before or after expenses?
Before expenses. Qualifying income is your gross rent plus gross self-employment income, not profit. Employment income, dividends and pensions do not count.
More in: Making Tax Digital for landlords: who, when and how
How does Making Tax Digital work for jointly owned property?
Only your share of the income counts towards the threshold. In quarterly updates you can send income only for a jointly let home and add the expenses after the year ends, before filing your tax return.
More in: Making Tax Digital for landlords: who, when and how
When are the MTD quarterly update deadlines?
7 August, 7 November, 7 February and 7 May. HMRC will not give penalty points for late quarterly updates in the 2026 to 2027 tax year, but the tax return is still due by 31 January.
More in: Making Tax Digital for landlords: who, when and how
Can I keep using a spreadsheet for MTD?
Yes, with bridging software that connects your spreadsheet to HMRC and sends the quarterly updates and the tax return. HMRC lists compatible products on GOV.UK.
More in: Making Tax Digital for landlords: who, when and how
Is landlord insurance a legal requirement in the UK?
Not by law in England. But your mortgage lender will usually require buildings insurance, a lease may set out who insures, and an ordinary home policy may not cover a let home, so tell your insurer before you let.
More in: Landlord insurance: is it a legal requirement, and what does it cover?
What does landlord insurance not cover?
Usually wear and tear, gradual damage, maintenance, the tenant's own belongings, long empty periods beyond the policy's limit, and claims where legal duties or policy conditions were not met.
More in: Landlord insurance: is it a legal requirement, and what does it cover?
Can I make my tenant pay for insurance?
No. The Tenant Fees Act 2019 stops you charging the tenant for your insurance or requiring them to take out any insurance. They may insure their own belongings if they choose.
More in: Landlord insurance: is it a legal requirement, and what does it cover?
Is landlord insurance tax deductible?
Buildings and contents insurance for a let home is normally an allowable expense against rental income. Check HMRC's guidance or an adviser for your own case.
More in: Landlord insurance: is it a legal requirement, and what does it cover?
How is rental yield worked out?
Multiply the monthly rent by 12, divide by the price of the home and multiply by 100. £1,000 a month on a £200,000 home is a gross yield of 6%.
What is the difference between gross and net yield?
Gross yield uses the full rent. Net yield first takes off the yearly costs and any weeks the home stood empty.
Does yield include the mortgage?
No. Yield measures the home, not how it was paid for. Take the mortgage interest off separately to see what is left for you.
Selling a home
Can I sell my rental property with tenants in it?
Yes. The tenancy continues and the buyer becomes the landlord, with the deposit and the paperwork passing to them. You do not need to serve notice to sell this way.
More in: Selling a home that is let: with the tenant in place or empty
How much notice do I give a tenant to sell in 2026?
Under ground 1A, four months' notice on the prescribed section 8 form, and the ground cannot be used to get possession in the first 12 months of the tenancy. Only a court order ends the tenancy if they stay.
More in: Selling a home that is let: with the tenant in place or empty
Can I re-let after using ground 1A to sell?
Not for 12 months. After using the ground you cannot let or market the home for letting for 12 months, and councils can fine landlords who misuse a ground.
More in: Selling a home that is let: with the tenant in place or empty
When do I pay Capital Gains Tax on a buy-to-let sale?
If you are UK resident and tax is due, report and pay within 60 days of completion. If you live abroad, report every UK property sale within 60 days, even when no tax is due.
More in: Selling a home that is let: with the tenant in place or empty
Landlords abroad
如果我居住海外，需要英国租赁中介吗？
不需要。法律没有此项要求。但您必须为您的租客提供一个在英格兰和威尔士的通知接收地址，并且需要有人及时处理维修事宜。中介、Property PA（物业助理）或在英格兰的受信任人士可以代劳。
我的租客会从租金中扣税吗？
如果租金每周超过100英镑且没有租赁中介，租客必须根据非居民房东计划从租金中扣除基本税率，除非英国税务海关总署已告知他们您可以全额收取租金。请填写NRL1i表格申请全额收取。
如果我住在香港，安全规定是否适用？
是的。英格兰的每一项房东职责都适用于该房屋，无论房东居住在哪里：燃气安全证书、电力安装状况报告（EICR）、能源性能证书（EPC）、警报器、押金保护和租住权核查。
NRL1i 表格是什么？
居住在国外的个人房东向英国税务海关总署（HMRC）提交的申请，以便全额收取英国租金。如果英国税务海关总署（HMRC）同意，您将改为在个人纳税申报（Self Assessment）中申报租金。
我的租客直接向我支付租金。他们需要代扣税款吗？
只有当租金每周超过 100 英镑且英国税务海关总署（HMRC）尚未告知他们您可以全额收取时。低于此金额，他们会向您支付全部租金，由您自行申报。
帮我收租金的朋友是租赁中介 (letting agent) 吗？
是的，就本计划而言是。在英国，任何收取您的租金或控制其去向的人都被视为租赁中介 (letting agent)，并且必须代扣税款，除非英国税务海关总署（HMRC）已批准您。
适用于租客
我的房东保护了押金，但迟了。我还能索赔吗？
可以。在30天后保护押金仍然是违规行为。如果房东在您提出索赔前已保护押金，法院通常会判较低的倍数，但索赔依然存在。请先获取免费建议。
我的押金最高能有多少？
不得超过五周的租金，如果年租金为50,000英镑或以上，则不得超过六周。超出此限额的任何金额都属于被禁止的付款，您可以要求退还。
未受保护的押金能阻止我的房东驱逐我吗？
它会阻止一些收回房产 (possession) 理由，直到押金受保护或退还。它不会阻止所有理由，因此请就您收到的任何通知寻求建议。
我如何知道燃气工程师是否已在Gas Safe注册？
燃气安全证书会显示工程师的Gas Safe注册号。您可以在Gas Safe注册网站上查询。如果没有号码，请询问。
我的房东发邮件通知我下个月开始涨租。我必须支付吗？
不是基于这种方式。租金上涨必须通过第13条规定的表格，并至少提前两个月通知。电子邮件不是有效的通知。请继续支付目前的租金并书面回复。
裁判庭可以提高我的租金吗？
不能。自2026年5月1日起，裁判庭只能确认房东的租金数字或设定更低的租金。它不能设定高于房东提议的租金，也不能追溯提高租金。
在维修完成之前，我能停止支付租金吗？
不能。扣留租金违反了您的租约，并可能导致基于租金拖欠的收回房产 (possession) 索赔。请书面报告维修情况，保留证据，如果没有任何进展，请向地方议会 (council) 寻求帮助。
如果房东将潮湿问题归咎于我怎么办？
如果房屋缺乏通风、供暖或隔热，居住造成的冷凝水不是您的错。地方议会 (council) 检查员会决定原因，而不是房东。
我的房东可以为了出售而驱逐我吗？
理由1A允许这样做，需提前四个月通知，且不能在租约开始的前十二个月内。如果您不搬离，只有法院命令才能执行。您搬走后，房东在十二个月内不得再次出租。
房东说我必须签订新的固定期限合同，否则就得搬走。这是真的吗？
不是。英格兰的私人租约不再存在固定期限。您的定期保证租约会持续下去；您不能因为拒绝签约而被强制搬走。
房东要求我预付六个月的租金，因为我是新来的。这允许吗？
不可以。租约开始前预付租金最多一个月。可以要求提供担保人；以受保护特征拒绝您是违法的。
我如何查明我的房东是否需要许可证？
在您所在市政厅的网站上搜索“HMO许可证登记册”或“选择性许可”。如果您的房屋由来自不同家庭的三名或更多人合住，则很可能是多户合租房（HMO）。
什么是租金退还令？
一级裁判庭（First-tier Tribunal）命令房东向您退还租金，最高达十二个月的租金，前提是房东实施了诸如出租无证房产或非法驱逐等违法行为。市政厅可以帮助您申请。
看房时可以要求查看证书吗？
可以。您有权查看燃气安全证书 (gas safety record)、电力安装状况报告 (EICR) 和能源性能证书 (EPC)，因此在申请前要求查看这些证书是合理的。
Choosing software and help
在英格兰，不通过中介出租我的房产合法吗？
是的。法律没有强制要求使用租赁中介（letting agent）。您必须履行中介本应为您履行的相同法律义务，并从2026年12月起在房东数据库中注册。
我可以同时使用物业助理（Property PA）和中介吗？
可以。将中介添加为团队成员，并分配您希望他们完成的工作，例如安排看房。他们只能看到您授权给他们的信息。
物业助理（Property PA）收取租金吗？
不。租金支付到您自己的银行账户。物业助理（Property PA）会从您的银行流水或您上传的对账单中查看租金是否到账，并在未到账时进行催缴。