First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)

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How to raise the rent (once a year, section 13)

In England you can raise the rent once every twelve months, by a section 13 notice on the prescribed form with two months' notice. Here is the procedure and what the tenant can do about it.

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What to do when a tenant stops paying rent

Rent arrears in England: check the facts, talk early, agree a plan in writing and keep records. If it cannot be solved, possession is by section 8 notice and a court order only. Never change the locks.

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Rent in advance and rent bidding: what the Renters’ Rights Act allows

Since 1 May 2026 you cannot take rent before the tenancy agreement is signed, can take at most one month's rent before it starts, and cannot invite or accept offers above the rent you advertised.

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Rent increase: how to complete Form 4A, with a covering note

In England a rent increase needs the official section 13 form, Form 4A, once a year with at least two months' notice. How to complete and serve it, and a short covering note to send with it. The form itself comes from GOV.UK.

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Form 4A

The prescribed government form for a section 13 notice proposing a new rent on a private assured tenancy in England.

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Harassment of a tenant

Acts by a landlord or anyone for them that are likely to interfere with a tenant's peace or comfort, meant to make them leave or stop using their rights. A criminal offence.

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Joint and several liability

When people rent a home together on one tenancy, each of them is responsible for the whole rent and the whole of the tenancy, not just their share.

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Rent in advance

Rent paid before the tenancy starts. Since 1 May 2026 a landlord in England can take no more than one month's rent before the tenancy is entered into.

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Rent period

The interval the rent is paid for, such as a month or a week. Since 1 May 2026 a private assured tenancy can only have periods of a month or 28 days or less.

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Rent repayment order (RRO)

An order of the First-tier Tribunal that a landlord repay rent to a tenant, or benefits to the council, because the landlord committed certain housing offences.